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METONYMY
Metonymy word derived from the Greek words meta, indicating the changes and onoma name means. Thus, metonymy is a style that uses a word to express something else, because it has very close ties. That relationship may be the inventor of the inventions, the owner of the goods on hand, due to reasons for this cause and effect, to declare the contents of his skin, and so on.
Metonymy called by Keraf (1992: 142) as part of sinekdoke. Sinekdoke divided into two pars pro toto: disclosure of some of the objects to show the whole object, and totum pro parte: Disclosures when the whole object is only partially.
Example: "He bought a Chevrolet."
"I drank one glass, two glasses of it."
"The pen is more dangerous than the sword."
"He had to sweat it out."
Parera (2004: 121) calls metonymy as the relationship of significance. Unlike the case with metaphor, metonymy come up with words that have been known and interconnected. Metonymy is as blind as a substitute for an object or action with the attributes attached to objects or actions in question. For example, "kretek" say "buy me cigarettes".
Metonymy according Parera (2004: 121-122) can be grouped bedasarkan underlying attributes, such as metonymy with a relation, a relation, a relation of attributes (pars pro toto), metonymy relate inventor or creator, and metonymy of works.
Metonymy based on attributes of the place, exemplified by Parera as "Market Block M" abbreviated "Block M" as an abbreviation for the famous theaters in the area at a specific time, namely "Majestik cinema". In the '60s in Central Jakarta there is a magnificent movie theater with the name "Metropole" and 80s replaced with the name "Megaria". Each region is known for characteristic attributes that stand out and are generally resident will mention the area famous by characteristic attributes.
Metonymy based on the attributes of time, for example, "Come after sundown", "Dawn then we leave." Prayer Times for Muslims as Maghrib and Fajr or Mass for the Christian is usually used as the measurement and distribution of time in Indonesia.
Metonymy based elements in whole or in part for the so-called types of pars pro toto. For example, the military or the Indonesian military (TNI) known as "green shirt", a group of Army troops who specifically referred to the "Red Berets".
Metonymy based inventors, exemplified by Parera as a form mentioning the inventor of something. For example, if a physicist says "one ampere is the flow of electricity is one volt can send melali one ohm", then he has called three key figures in the field of science, namely Andre Ampere (French), Count Alssandro Volta (Italian), and George Simon Ohm (German).
B. Conclusion
Figurative meaning (tranfered meaning, figurative meaning) is the use of leksem with no real meaning. For example, the crown ladies 'hair ladies'. In addition, there is also the figurative meaning of a proverb or parable. For example, once grabbed a paddle, two birds. Figurative meanings emerged from the figurative language (figurative language) or figurative language. Figurative or figurative language is a deviation from the language used in everyday life, deviation from standard language or standard, meaning irregularities and deviations arrangement (circuit) words in order to obtain a certain effect or a special meaning
Metaphor is the resemblance and similarity of sensory feedback. The main structure of the main metaphor is (1) the topic being discussed; (2) the image or the second topic; (3) the point of resemblance or similarity. The relationship between topics or images can be objective and emotive. Based on the selection of imagery used by speakers of languages and writers in various languages, the choice of the image can be divided into four groups, namely (1) a metaphor bercitra anthropomorphic, (2) a metaphor bercitra animals, (3) a metaphor bercitra abstract to the concrete, (4) bercitra metaphorical synesthesia or exchange feedback / sensory perceptions.
Metonymy word derived from the Greek words meta, indicating the changes and onoma name means. Thus, metonymy is a style that uses a word to express something else, because it has very close ties. That relationship may be the inventor of the inventions, the owner of the goods on hand, due to reasons for this cause and effect, to declare the contents of his skin, and so on. Unlike the case with metaphor, metonymy come up with words that have been known and interconnected. Metonymy is a term substitute for an object or action with the attributes attached to objects or actions in question. For example, "kretek" say "buy me cigarettes".
Metonymy can be grouped bedasarkan underlying attributes, such as metonymy with a relation, a relation, a relation of attributes (pars pro toto), metonymy relate inventor or creator, and metonymy of works.
C.SYNECDOCHE
Meaning figuratively (figurative meaning, tranfered meaning) is the use of leksem with no real meaning. For example, the phrase 'the crown of women' is not defined as an object that is used a woman at the top of his head, a symbol of power of a leader and decorated with gold or jewels, but this phrase is interpreted as 'a woman's hair' Additionally, meaning figuratively also be found in proverbs or parable. For example, once grabbed a paddle, two birds. Figurative meanings emerged from the figurative language (figurative language) or figurative language. Figurative or figurative language is a deviation from the language used in everyday life, deviation from standard language or standard, meaning irregularities and deviations arrangement (circuit) words in order to obtain a certain effect or a special meaning (Abrams, 1981: 63)
Figurative language is actually a style of figurative language. Altenbernd cited by Pradopo (1994: 93) distinguish between figurative language and rhetorical devices (rethorical device). In line with the opinion of Altenbernd, Abrams (1981: 63) classifies the style of figurative language and rhetorical devices into figurative language. According to him, figurative language is actually a deviation from the language of everyday language or standard language to obtain a certain effect. As stated by Abrams (1981: 63).
Figurative language is a deviation from what speakers of a language apprehends as the ordinary, or standard, significance or sequence of words, in order to Achieve some special meaning or effect.
The figure of speech or a figure of speech or by Kridalaksana referred to as a figure of rhetoric or rhetorical figure is a tool to expand the meaning of a word or group of words to obtain a certain effect by comparing or divide and associate the two things.
According to Abrams (1981: 63), figurative language (figurative language) is the misuse of language by speakers of understanding of the language used everyday (ordinary), deviation from standard language, or distort the meaning of words, a deviation strings of words in order to obtain some special meaning .
http://www.pps.unud.ac.id/thesis/pdf_thesis/unud-147-1344607345-thesis.pdf
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